{"id":2065,"date":"2020-05-01T11:22:15","date_gmt":"2020-05-01T10:22:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oocr.bigway.dev\/historia\/hrad-saris\/"},"modified":"2020-05-01T11:22:15","modified_gmt":"2020-05-01T10:22:15","slug":"hrad-saris","status":"publish","type":"historia","link":"https:\/\/oocr.bigway.dev\/en\/historia\/hrad-saris\/","title":{"rendered":"Hrad \u0160ari\u0161"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hrad \u0160ari\u0161\u00a0 - najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00ed hrad v regi\u00f3ne<\/h2>\n\u0160ari\u0161sk\u00fd hradn\u00fd vrch vznikol ako sopka, v\u00fdbuchmi bur\u00e1caj\u00facej \u017eeravej l\u00e1vy v geologickej dobe tre\u0165oh\u00f4r na morskom dne a pod hladinou mora. Celkov\u00e1 rozloha hradu \u0160ari\u0161 je 154 ha, z toho rozloha hradn\u00e9ho n\u00e1dvoria, ktor\u00e9 je sope\u010dn\u00fdm kr\u00e1terom, dosahuje 4 ha. Hradn\u00fd vrch bol odnepam\u00e4ti kultovou a posv\u00e4tnou horou, kde sa konali najstar\u0161ie n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 obrady a sl\u00e1vnosti vo vo\u013enej pr\u00edrode. Hrad \u0160ari\u0161 patril k na\u0161im najstar\u0161\u00edm komit\u00e1tnym hradom.<\/strong>\n

Zn\u00e1my u\u017e v 12. storo\u010d\u00ed<\/h3>\nHrad bol vybudovan\u00fd z iniciat\u00edvy uhorsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1\u013ea na strategicky v\u00fdznamnej polohe dominuj\u00facej nad rozsiahlym \u00fazem\u00edm \u0160ari\u0161a. Jeho situovanie znamenalo nielen vojensk\u00e9 ovl\u00e1dnutie okolia, ale predov\u0161etk\u00fdm kontrolu nad d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdmi krajinsk\u00fdmi a obchodn\u00fdmi komunik\u00e1ciami na Spi\u0161 a do Po\u013eska. O d\u00f4le\u017eitosti polohy v dobe bronzovej sved\u010d\u00ed aj vybudovanie mohutn\u00e9ho valov\u00e9ho opevnenia kameno-zemnej kon\u0161trukcie, situovan\u00e9ho pozd\u013a\u017e cel\u00e9ho obvodu vrcholovej plo\u0161iny, ktor\u00e9 bolo sekund\u00e1rne vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 do vybudovania okru\u017enej murovanej hradby, pod\u013ea najnov\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdskumov v 14. storo\u010d\u00ed. \u00dazemie \u0160ari\u0161a bolo v 11. \u2013 12. storo\u010d\u00ed s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e9ho komit\u00e1tu Novum Castrum so s\u00eddlom v Aba\u00fajv\u00e1ri, z ktor\u00e9ho sa za\u010diatkom 13. storo\u010dia vy\u010dle\u0148uje nov\u00fd politicko-administrat\u00edvny celok komit\u00e1t \u0160ari\u0161, so spr\u00e1vnym s\u00eddlom na rovnomennom hrade.\n\n\n\nDo obdobia pred vznikom \u0160ari\u0161skej stolice (komit\u00e1t, \u017eupa) spravovali \u00fazemie a hrad z\u00e1stupcovia komit\u00e1tu Novum Castrum \u2013 dvorsk\u00ed \u0161p\u00e1ni (comes curialis). Prv\u00fd z nich sa v roku 1217 spom\u00edna Petur \u2013 curialis comes Dion\u00fdsii \u2013 dvorsk\u00fd \u0161p\u00e1n \u017eupana Novum Castrum Dion\u00fdza \u2013 Peter. Na z\u00e1klade arch\u00edvnych prame\u0148ov i z historick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska m\u00f4\u017eeme za\u010diatky v\u00fdstavby hradu\u00a0 predpoklada\u0165 u\u017e pred rokom 1217. Hrad vznikol ako kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fd, komit\u00e1tny a tak\u00fdm ostal po cel\u00e9 13. storo\u010die. Bol s\u00eddlom spr\u00e1vy kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fdch majetkov a d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm vojensko-strategick\u00fdm bodom obrany krajiny. Pr\u00edle\u017eitostne sa tu zdr\u017eiaval uhorsk\u00fd kr\u00e1\u013e Belo IV., \u0160tefan V. aj Ladislav IV.\n

Zmeny majite\u013eov<\/h3>\nPostupnou feudaliz\u00e1ciou krajiny prech\u00e1dzal hrad striedavo z majetku kr\u00e1\u013ea do vlastn\u00edctva \u0161\u013eachtick\u00fdch rod\u00edn. Zn\u00e1mi s\u00fa Omodejovci, ktor\u00ed po por\u00e1\u017eke v roku 1312 v bitke pri Rozhanovciach o hrad pri\u0161li. Pr\u00e1zdna kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e1 pokladnica prin\u00fatila kr\u00e1\u013ea \u017digmunda Luxembursk\u00e9ho da\u0165 v roku 1393 hrad do z\u00e1lohy \u0161\u013eachticom zo \u0160t\u00edtnika, nesk\u00f4r Petrovi z Per\u00edna, \u0161ari\u0161sk\u00e9mu \u017eupanovi. Nesk\u00f4r patril do majetku solivarsk\u00fdm \u0160\u00e1\u0161ovcom. Po smrti kr\u00e1\u013ea \u017digmunda Luxembursk\u00e9ho a n\u00e1sledne jeho n\u00e1stupcu Albrechta Habsbursk\u00e9ho zverbovala kr\u00e1\u013eova vdova Al\u017ebeta \u017eoldnierskeho kapit\u00e1na J\u00e1na Jiskru z Brand\u00fdsa, aby zabezpe\u010dil nielen udr\u017eanie majetkov le\u017eiacich na \u00fazem\u00ed Slovenska, ale predov\u0161etk\u00fdm zaistil ochranu n\u00e1stupn\u00edckych pr\u00e1v jej neplnolet\u00e9ho syna Ladislava V. Pohrobka. V marci 1441 dobylo Jiskrovo vojsko hrad \u0160ari\u0161 a nasleduj\u00facich takmer 20 rokov ho ovl\u00e1dol ako \u0161ari\u0161sk\u00fd gr\u00f3f a \u017eupan.\n

Hrad \u0160ari\u0161 ako ba\u0161ta protitureck\u00e9ho odboja<\/h3>\nV zlo\u017eitom obdob\u00ed protitureck\u00fdch bojov komplikovalo situ\u00e1ciu v krajine silnej\u00face bratr\u00edcke hnutie, ktor\u00e9ho ba\u0161tou sa st\u00e1va na ist\u00fd \u010das aj samotn\u00fd \u0160ari\u0161. Nadvl\u00e1da Jiskrovcov bola ukon\u010den\u00e1 v roku 1461, kedy vojsko Mateja Korv\u00edna hrad dobylo. Kr\u00e1\u013e akceptoval vlastn\u00edctvo hradu J\u00e1nom z Per\u00edna, ktor\u00fd ho spravoval a\u017e do polovice 16. storo\u010dia. V zlo\u017eitom vn\u00fatropolitickom boji o tr\u00f3n medzi J\u00e1nom Z\u00e1po\u013esk\u00fdm a Ferdinandom Habsbursk\u00fdm sa v\u0161ak Per\u00e9niovci postavili na zl\u00fa stranu a o nieko\u013eko rokov po bitke pri Moh\u00e1\u010di ho v roku 1537 cis\u00e1rske vojsko dobylo. Za kapit\u00e1na bol ustanoven\u00fd humanistick\u00fd vzdelanec Juraj Werner, ktor\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vcovstvo znamenalo zna\u010dn\u00fd \u00fapadok.\n

Obdivovate\u013emi hradu boli P.O. Hviezdoslav aj S. Pet\u0151fi<\/h3>\nOd roku 1645 pre\u0161iel do majetku rodiny R\u00e1kocziovcov, ktor\u00ed si v\u0161ak ako svoje s\u00eddlo zvolili ka\u0161tie\u013e situovan\u00fd pod hradom. Samotn\u00fd hrad sa stal sk\u00f4r vojensk\u00fdm objektom, s kas\u00e1rensk\u00fdm rev\u00edrom a postupne str\u00e1cal svoje niekdaj\u0161ie v\u00fdsadn\u00e9 postavenie. Za\u010diatkom konca hradu bol v\u00fdbuch pu\u0161n\u00e9ho prachu. Hrad pustne a u\u017e iba symbolicky prech\u00e1dza do vlastn\u00edctva rod\u00edn Aspremonlorcov, Szirtnarovcov a Puilsk\u00fdch. V 19. storo\u010d\u00ed pri\u0165ahovali hradn\u00e9 ruiny romanticky zm\u00fd\u0161\u013eaj\u00facich \u0161tudentov Evanjelick\u00e9ho kol\u00e9gia v Pre\u0161ove, ktor\u00ed tr\u00e1vili svoj vo\u013en\u00fd \u010das pr\u00e1ve v\u00fdletmi na hrad. Medzi st\u00e1lych obdivovate\u013eov hradu patril P. O. Hviezdoslav, S. Pet\u0151fi, \u010di F. Ker\u00e9nyi.\n

S\u00fa\u010dasnos\u0165 hradu<\/h3>\nV s\u00fa\u010dasnej dobe sa hrad pomaly obnovuje a pon\u00faka \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 v\u00fdh\u013eady nielen na okolit\u00e9 kopce, ale aj na okolit\u00e9 hrady a zr\u00facaniny, ktor\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 vidie\u0165 vo\u013en\u00fdm okom, alebo za pomoci \u010falekoh\u013eadu, ktor\u00fd bol in\u0161talovan\u00fd OOCR Regi\u00f3n \u0160ari\u0161 v roku 2019 na ve\u017ei Donjon. Hrad host\u00ed po\u010das cel\u00e9ho roka ve\u013ea podujat\u00ed. K ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fdm letn\u00fdm podujatiam patr\u00ed j\u00falov\u00e1 Filmov\u00e1 noc na hrade a \u0160ari\u0161sk\u00e9 hradn\u00e9 dni, ktor\u00e9 sa konaj\u00fa za\u010diatkom septembra. Hrad \u0160ari\u0161 je tie\u017e s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou \u0160ari\u0161skej hradnej cesty<\/a>.\n\nAk sa ocitnete v Regi\u00f3ne \u0160ari\u0161, nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 m\u00f4\u017ete aj ostatn\u00e9 hrady, ako napr\u00edklad Saltworks<\/a>, Shebes Castle<\/a>, Kapu\u0161iansky hrad<\/a>, Lipovsk\u00fd hrad<\/a>, Hrad Zborov<\/a>, Hrad Plave\u010d<\/a>, Hrad Kysak<\/a>, at\u010f.<\/strong>\n\n ","protected":false},"featured_media":210,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"kategoria-poi":[105,106,107,172,102],"lokalita":[28],"sezona-poi":[],"trvanie-vyletu":[],"class_list":["post-2065","historia","type-historia","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","kategoria-poi-historia","kategoria-poi-hrady","kategoria-poi-pesia-turistika","kategoria-poi-prehliadky-so-sprievodcom","kategoria-poi-prirodne-krasy","lokalita-presov-a-okolie"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHrad \u0160ari\u0161 - OOCR \u0160ari\u0161<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hrad \u0160ari\u0161\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hrad \u0160ari\u0161\u00a0 - 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